The world requirement of food is fulfilled by agriculture. Glossary of soil related terms homepage soil portal. This chapter focuses on the solid phase, which is the permanent component of the soil. In preparing the glossary care was taken to write the definitions in the clearest terms possible. Purchase elseviers dictionary of soil science 1st edition. Glossary of crop science terms crop science society of america. Additional crop terminology information common names pdf scientific names and use pdf selected bibliography. Soil science definition is a science dealing with soils called also pedology. Official glossary of landform and geologic terms pdf document glossary of terms for subaqueous soils. For better and proper crop yield, good soil conditions are necessary. Glossary of soil science terms 2008, 2008 published. Subject matter includes soil physics, soil chemistry, soil biology and biochemistry, pedology, soil and water management and conservation, forest and range soils, nutrient management and soil and plant analysis, mineralogy, wetland soils, and soils and environmental quality.
This glossary is the result of work by the subaqueous soils subcommittee of the standing committee on ncss standards. The exchange of air in soil with air from the atmosphere. Glossary of soil and water terms conservation wise use and protection of our natural resources ecology science of the relationships between plants, animals and their environments environment. Terms and phrases accuracy accuracy is the closeness of results of observations, computations, or estimation of. This term is used as a subgroup distinction for a number of soil orders in the australian soil classification system isbell 1996 acidification. The book fundamentals of soil science covers the agricultural field of soil science. Usda soil ecology glossary lignin a hardtodegrade compound that is part of the structure of older or woody plants. Expanded from its original publication, this comprehensive and concise guide. This is the layer of this is the layer of mineral soil with the most organic matter accumulation and soil life. Soil is made from the breaking down of rocks and organic matter by physical.
Soil erosion is broadly defined as the removal of top soil from the land surface by running water, wind, ice or gravity. This glossary of crop science terms was developed by a number of ad hoc committees of the crop science society of america to provide a single glossary of terms for the various disciplines of crop. Thanks are expressed to the many members of the society who have aided in the development of this glossary over the years. In a wellaerated soil, the soil air is similar in composition to the atmosphere above the soil. Commonly, such soil formed in recent alluvium or on steep rocky slopes. These include the a horizon, the uppermost layer of a soil profile from which inorganic colloids and other soluble materials have been leached. Lossary of soil science terms1 soil resources in sugarcrops. Nov 22, 2007 the encyclopedia of soil science brings together approximately 190 longer articles, together with some 350 definitions of common terms used in soil science. Glossary of terms used in soil and landscape science nsw. In effect, it is a combination of an encyclopedia and glossary of terms.
The sources used in preparation of the glossary were many. The dictionary of environmental science and engineering the dictionary of environmental science and engineering is an essential reference book for students and professionals in such diverse disciplines as geography, earth sciences, biology, engineering and law. Official glossary of landform and geologic termspdf document glossary of terms for subaqueous soils. For more information, please visit our website at uk. Process whereby soil becomes acid ph merge banner was posted on the head botany article. Understanding the terms defined in this fact sheet will help farmers understand relationships between tillage, crop rotation, cover crops, carbon sequestration, organic matter pool, agricultural. Process whereby soil becomes acid ph soil leaching occurs. More than 1800 terms are included in this revised glossary. Aerated soil an aerated soil is a soil with a good movement of air through the soil structure. Each soil type has at least one, usually three or four assy horizons. I dont have an opinion as to whether they should be merged or not.
Soil organic carbon loss refers to the decline of organic carbon stock in the soil affecting its fertility status and climate change regulation capacity. The term horizon describes each of the distinctive layers that occur in a soil. Subject matter includes soil physics, soil chemistry, soil biology and biochemistry, pedology, soil and water management and conservation. Usda soil ecology glossary metabolic quotient qco2 the ratio of microbial activity to microbial biomass. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
This term is used as a subgroup distinction for a number of soil orders in the australian soil classification. This glossary of soil science terms was an ad hoc committee of the soil science of america to provide a single glossary of terms for the various disciplines of soil science. Glossary of soil science terms browse the glossary. Therefore, the glossary of landform terms should become a useful aid for soil engineers.
The process by which air in the soil is replaced by air from the atmosphere. Glossary of soil science terms soil science society of. Soil science is a science that deals with the manipulation and betterment of soil conditions for the growth of plants. Earth science glossary abrasion the process of particles rubbing against each other, wearing down the sharp edges into smaller pieces. The carbon rings in lignin can be degraded by a few fungi. Science glossary grade 4 adaptation a characteristic of an organism that increases its chance of survival in its environment atmosphere the layers of gas that surround earth, other planets, or stars atom the. It took place as part of the national cooperative soil survey conference held at. Wormholes and illuvial clay, silt, and humus occupy at least 5% of the horizon by. The soil s solid phase consists of mineral particles having various shapes and sizes, as well as amorphous compounds such as organic matter and hydrated iron oxides, which are generally attached to the particles. New concepts and terminology are being used to describe these changes. In classification, a group of organisms such as plants at any rank e. Primary root that grows more or less straight down into soil, is tapered to the end, and has smaller, lateral branches e. Introduction to environmental soil physics sciencedirect. Horizon one of the layers of a soil profile, distinguished principally by its texture, color, structure and chemical content.
Glossary of soil science terms soil science society of america. This glossary is a subset of one developed by the urban and regional information systems association urisa. The process whereby soils become acidic over a period of time as a result of. The increasing use of conservation tillage, notill, and cover crops is changing the way we view the soil and the environment. The dictionary of environmental science and engineering. Soil health terms including soil properties, soil health indicators, and assessment terminology soil ecology terms including soil organisms, biological processes, and ecology terminology the soil science society of america, madison wi maintains an internet glossary of soil science terms. The sources for many of the soil terms were the 1938 department of agriculture yearbook, soils and men. Start a free trial of quizlet plus by thanksgiving lock in 50% off all year try it free. American society of agronomy crop science society of america soil science society of america certified crop advisers log in my account due to covid19, our staff is working remotely.
Glossary of soil science terms crop science society of. It can be accelerated by human activities tillage and animals. Glossary of soil science terms crop science society of america. The full glossary is available on urisas web site at. Soil health terms including soil properties, soil health indicators, and assessment terminology. Soil science definition of soil science by merriamwebster. This glossary of crop science terms was developed by a number of ad hoc committees of the crop science society of america to provide a single glossary of terms for the various disciplines of crop science. It took place as part of the national cooperative soil survey conference held at corpus christi, texas, may 2126, 2005. Glossary of crop science terms crop science society of. Uptake of matter or energy by a substance acid soil.
Note the term in tables refers to the interpretation tables contained in published soil survey reports, these tables are not yet available on this homepage. Lenses of crudely sorted sand and gravel are common. Science glossary grade 4 adaptation a characteristic of an organism that increases its chance of survival in its environment atmosphere the layers of gas that surround earth, other planets, or stars atom the smallest unit of a chemical element that can still retain the properties of that element. More than 1800 terms are included in this newly revised glossary. A soil with sufficient exchangeable sodium alkali to interfere with plant growth and cause dispersion and swelling of clay minerals. Loose, permeable till deposited during the final downwasting of glacial ice. Glossary of soil and water terms utah state university.
Glossary of soil and water terms conservation wise use and protection of our natural resources ecology science of the relationships between plants, animals and their environments environment everything that surrounds us erosion loosening and movement of soil by wind, water, ice and landslides geology science of the history. These new terms have been added to the national soil survey handbook, part 629. Glossary of soil science terms 2008, 2008 published by. Glossary of soil science terms soil soil science society.
Glossary of soilrelated terms this glossary seeks to explain in nontechnical language some of the common terminology used by soil scientists. Soils with a b2 horizon in which the major part is strongly acid. Glossary of soil science terms american society of agronomy. Link to sssa glossary of soil science terms official glossary of landform and geologic terms pdf document. A glossary of selected terms relevant to geographic. Usda soil ecology glossary liverworts small nonvascular plants.
1027 157 1088 270 208 991 325 856 538 161 430 1440 922 19 1474 682 853 660 764 947 1505 388 1069 677 250 1194 729 332 917 753 313